Thiourea: Dissolves gold under acidic conditions, with lower toxicity than sodium cyanide, but with poor stability, easy oxidation, and high cost. It is commonly used in difficult to treat ores.

Environmentally friendly gold extractants (such as Jinchan and Jinsheng): non-toxic, easily degradable, fast leaching, with a comprehensive cost lower than that of sodium cyanide for complex ores, making them the mainstream in the future.